Category
Strength & Conditioning
Document Type
Paper
Abstract
This study examined the combined effects of squat depth and speed on three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) patterns during bodyweight squats in 18 male participants. Imposed speed squats were about twice as fast as preferred speed, and peak knee flexion increased with depth: 99° (partial), 115° (half), and 130° (full). GRFs were measured with dual force plates and analyzed using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Slow-paced squats generated higher GRFs at the beginning and end of the movement, whereas fast tempo squats yielded a sharper vertical GRF during the bottom transition phase. Squat depth primarily affected horizontal GRFs: full squats produced more medial and anterior forces than shallower squats, although peak vertical GRF was similar across depths. Depth and tempo independently influenced GRF patterns. These findings inform exercise programming for both sports performance and rehabilitation.
Recommended Citation
Hamed, Ihsen M.; Abdalla, Hafiz H.; and Ibrahim, Rony
(2025)
"THE EFFECT OF CHANGING DEPTH AND SPEED ON GROUND REACTION FORCES DURING SQUAT,"
ISBS Proceedings Archive: Vol. 43:
Iss.
1, Article 29.
Available at:
https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol43/iss1/29
